Application of Liquid Hydrogen Carriers in Hydrogen Steelmaking
نویسندگان
چکیده
Steelmaking is responsible for approximately one third of total industrial carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Hydrogen (H2) direct reduction (H-DR) may be a feasible route towards the decarbonization primary steelmaking if H2 produced via electrolysis using fossil-free electricity. However, an electricity-intensive process. Therefore, it preferable that predominantly during times low electricity prices, which enabled by storage H2. This work compares integration in four liquid carriers, methanol (MeOH), formic acid (FA), ammonia (NH3) and perhydro-dibenzyltoluene (H18-DBT), H-DR processes. In contrast to conventional methods, these carriers allow form at moderate overpressures, reducing capacity cost. The main downside thermochemical processes are necessary both release processes, often with significant investment operational costs. compared thermodynamic economic data estimate capital costs context considering process options. It concluded use MeOH promising other considered carriers. For large volumes, MeOH-based also attractive option underground compressed suffer from barriers hydrogenation (FA) or dehydrogenation (NH3, H18-DBT) higher practically feasible, questions regarding flexibility optimal sourcing CO2 heat must answered.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Energies
سال: 2021
ISSN: ['1996-1073']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14051392